RO Water Treatment applied for cosmetics and pharmacy

Jinzong Enterprise has been focusing on the production and research and development of water treatment equipment for over 10 years. Today, we will introduce you to the relevant knowledge of reverse osmosis water treatment equipment. We hope that through this article, everyone can have a comprehensive understanding of reverse osmosis water treatment equipment.一、 Preparation   PrincipleReverse osmosis water treatment equipment usually consists of three parts: raw water pretreatment system, reverse osmosis purification system, and ultra purified post-treatment system. The main purpose of pre-treatment is to ensure that the raw water meets the inlet requirements of the reverse osmosis membrane separation component and the stable operation of the reverse osmosis purification system. Reverse osmosis membrane system is the most economical and efficient purification method for removing over 98% ions, organic matter, and 100% microorganisms (theoretically) in raw water at once. The ultra purification post-treatment system further removes trace ions, organic matter and other impurities remaining in reverse osmosis pure water through various integrated technologies to meet the final water quality indicators for different purposes.二、 Working   PrincipleReverse osmosis is the most precise membrane liquid separation technology, which applies operating pressure on the inlet (concentrated solution) side to overcome natural osmotic pressure. When the operating pressure higher than natural osmotic pressure is applied to the concentrated solution side, the flow direction of water molecules through natural permeation will be reversed, and the water molecules in the inlet (concentrated solution) will pass through the reverse osmosis membrane to become purified water on the dilute solution side; Reverse osmosis equipment can block all soluble salts and organic matter with a molecular weight greater than 100, but allows water molecules to pass through. The desalination rate of reverse osmosis composite membranes is generally greater than 98%. They are widely used in industrial pure water and electronic ultrapure water preparation, drinking pure water production, boiler feedwater and other processes. The use of reverse osmosis equipment before ion exchange can significantly reduce the discharge of operating water and wastewater.三、 Introduction  to  Preprocessing  SystemReverse osmosis water treatment systems generally include pre-treatment systems, reverse osmosis devices, post-treatment systems, cleaning systems, and electrical control systems. The pre-treatment system generally includes quartz sand filters, activated carbon filters, precision filters, etc. Its main function is to reduce the pollution index of raw water and other impurities such as residual chlorine, in order to meet the inlet requirements of reverse osmosis. Detailed classification explanation of pre-treatment system: 1. Quartz sand filter Quartz sand filter mainly removes impurities such as suspended solids, colloids, sediment, clay, saprophytic plants, and particles in water. It can reduce the turbidity of water, achieve the purpose of water quality clarification, and protect the reverse osmosis membrane. 2. Activated carbon filter mainly utilizes a large number of hydroxyl (hydroxide) and hydroxyl functional groups on the surface of activated carbon to chemically adsorb various substances, remove odors, organic matter, colloids, iron, and residual chlorine in water, and reduce the color and turbidity of water, thereby reducing pollution to the reverse osmosis system. 3. The softener uses sodium ions on the ion exchange resin to exchange calcium and magnesium ions in water, reducing the hardness of the water, while regenerating the ion exchange resin with soft water salts. Soft water salt, also known as ion exchange resin regenerator. 4. Precision filterThe use of a 5-micron PP melt blown filter element is mainly to remove particles larger than 5 microns that have not been completely removed by the pre-treatment system, intercept the filter material lost in the previous three filtration procedures, and protect the RO membrane.Whether the filter element can meet normal operating conditions will affect the normal working conditions of the membrane. Generally, the filter element is replaced every 3-4 months.四、 Introduction  to  Reverse  Osmosis  SystemThe reverse osmosis system mainly consists of multi-stage high-pressure pumps, reverse osmosis membrane components, membrane shells (pressure vessels), brackets, etc. Its main function is to remove impurities from water and ensure that the effluent meets the requirements for use. The high-pressure pump pressurizes the outlet water of the security filter to the working pressure of RO, and then evenly distributes it to the pressure vessel. The water flow is separated by the reverse osmosis membrane and forms two water flows inside the pressure vessel. A portion of the incoming water passes through the membrane to form pure water, while the remaining inorganic salts and solid residues are retained and concentrated to form concentrated water, thereby achieving the separation of inorganic salts and water.Pure water flows out from each pressure vessel equipped with reverse osmosis membrane components, converges through a flow meter, and then flows out of the equipment outlet into the pure water tank. Concentrated water flows out from the concentrated water outlet of the pressure vessel.Reverse osmosis membrane desalination mechanism: The epidermis of the semi permeable membrane is covered with many extremely fine membrane pores, and the surface of the membrane selectively adsorbs a layer of water molecules. Salt solutes are repelled by the membrane, and ions with higher valence states are repelled further. Under the push of reverse osmosis pressure, water molecules around the membrane pores flow out pure water through the capillary action of the membrane to achieve desalination.When the membrane pores are larger than the range of reverse osmosis membrane pores, the aqueous solution of salt will leak through the membrane, with more leakage of monovalent salt, followed by divalent salt, and less leakage of trivalent salt. The pore size of the RO membrane is less than 1.0nm, so the RO membrane can filter out one of the least bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3000 × 10-10m); It can also filter out various viruses, such as influenza virus (800 × 10-10m) and meningitis virus (200 × 10-10m); It can even filter out heat sources (10-500 × 10-10m). The characteristics of using reverse osmosis method to prepare pure water are as follows: compact equipment structure and easy maintenance, small footprint, and high water production; Prepare pure water without phase change, with low energy consumption; At the same time, there is no discharge of acid, alkali and other wastewater, which is a new energy-saving and environmentally friendly equipment;The ratio of wastewater to pure water in reverse osmosis systems is usually 3:1 for household small pure water machines, 1:1 for small industrial reverse osmosis systems, and 0.3:0.7 for large systems. If you want to reduce wastewater discharge, the cost will be relatively high, and the service life of reverse osmosis membranes will definitely be shortened.This advanced membrane separation technology has been widely used in various fields.五、 Reverse  Osmosis  System  Maintenance1. Carry out daily water quality testing and record equipment operating parameters, and promptly resolve any abnormalities found. Regularly check and record important parameters such as pure water conductivity, pressure at each point, and inlet and outlet water flow rate every day. 2. Regularly add regenerant to the salt box and set the regeneration time based on the actual situation and water production on site. Generally, it is added once every 3-4 days. 3. Replace the security filter element in a timely manner. (Usually replaced every 3-6 months) 4. Regularly wipe the machine and keep it clean. 5. Regularly check if there is any water leakage in the pipeline and promptly resolve it.6. The normal water supply and power supply of the equipment should be ensured. In case of special circumstances such as power outage and water outage, the equipment needs to be rescheduled, especially the regeneration time after power outage needs to be reset. It is prohibited for unrelated personnel to touch the buttons of the electronic control part and the valves of the pipeline part to prevent accidental operation that may cause the equipment to malfunction.六、 Emergency   MeasuresWhen there is a power outage or damage to the main pump, membrane, and other components used to produce pure water that cannot produce pure water, the softened water valve can be opened to continue using the softened water to ensure the normal operation of the water equipment. This method needs to be based on the actual requirements of the water equipment.1. When the water leakage of the equipment is severe, the water inlet switch of the equipment should be immediately turned off, and the power should be turned off, and the service provider should be notified to handle it.2. During the water production process, if the pressure gauge after the membrane shows a pressure exceeding 1.5Mpa, the conductivity exceeds 15us/cm, or the produced water quality exceeds the standard range, consumables such as resin, membrane, and activated carbon should be replaced in a timely manner.七、 Consumable  Replacement  InstructionsDue to the fact that consumables such as quartz sand, activated carbon, and softened resin are all granular objects, they can easily form porous structures after stacking, providing a growth environment for the long-term reproduction of fungi. At the same time, activated carbon and softened resin have a certain degree of saturation for adsorption. After long-term use, the filtration effect decreases. When the flushing regeneration cannot meet the pre-treatment effect, it can be replaced to ensure the inlet water quality of the reverse osmosis membrane.When all conditions are met, the usage cycle of quartz sand is 10-24 months, activated carbon is 10-12 months, resin is 10-12 months, precision filter element is 3-6 months, and reverse osmosis membrane is about 12 months.Resin regeneration cycle: Under normal conditions, the resin regeneration cycle is 1-3 days.八、 Application  Field1.Electric power industry: boiler feedwater, cooling water dams;2. Electronics industry: ultra pure water for semiconductor industry, integrated circuit cleaning water, formula water;3. Food industry: formula water, production water;4. Pharmaceutical industry: process water, formulation water, washing water, injection water, sterile water preparation;5. Beverage industry: formula water, production water, washing water;6. Chemical industry: production water and wastewater treatment;7. Drinking water engineering: preparation of ultrapure water and purification of drinking water;8. Petrochemical industry: deep treatment of oilfield injection water and petrochemical wastewater;9. Desalination of seawater: production and domestic water use in island areas, coastal water scarce areas, ships, seawater oil fields, etc;10. Environmental protection field: Recycling precious metals and water from electroplating and rinsing water, achieving zero emissions.

一、 Polyethylene (PE) is the largest variety of general-purpose polyolefin materials with a wide range of applications.According to the "Deep Research on the Development and Investment Prospects of China's Polyethylene Industry (2024-2031)" released by Guanyan Report Network, polyethylene (PE) is a thermoplastic resin formed by polymerization of ethylene.It has excellent low-temperature resistance, odorless, non-toxic, good chemical stability, and can withstand the erosion of most acids and bases (not oxidizing acids). At normal temperatures, it is insoluble in general solvents and has relatively low water absorption and excellent electrical insulation. This has given it a development history of about 60 years, and currently the global production of polyethylene ranks first among the five major general-purpose resins.Polyethylene is the largest variety of general-purpose polyolefin materials in terms of production, widely used in agriculture, industry, packaging, and daily industry. It is widely used in China, with thin films accounting for the highest proportion and consuming approximately 58% of polyethylene. In addition, injection molded products, wires and cables, hollow products, etc. All occupy a significant proportion in their consumption structure and play a crucial role in the plastic industry.In terms of production, polyethylene products can be divided into high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) products based on different polymerization methods, molecular weight sizes, and chain structures. High density polyethylene products have high mechanical strength, good processing performance, and good penetration resistance, and are widely used in production and daily life; The application range of low-density polyethylene products is also relatively wide, mainly used in plastic products, molded products, etc; Compared with low-density polyethylene products, linear low-density polyethylene has excellent resistance to environmental stress cracking and electrical insulation, as well as higher heat resistance, impact resistance, and puncture resistance.Ethylene is the raw material for the production of polyethylene, and 45% of the ethylene consumption is used to produce polyethylene products.The production routes of polyethylene are mainly divided into traditional routes and emerging routes; The traditional route mainly produces ethylene through steam cracking and catalytic cracking technology, and then produces polyethylene products.The emerging route mainly produces ethylene through technologies such as light hydrocarbon cracking and acetylene hydrogenation to produce ethylene, and then produces polyethylene products.二、 Supply: Global polyethylene (PE) production capacity continues to expand, with concentrated production of equipment in China and an increase in domestic supply.Global polyethylene production capacity is in an expansion period, with capacity growth mainly concentrated in Asia. Throughout the global polyethylene production cycle, absolute production capacity has been increasing year by year, while the marginal growth rate is decreasing. It is expected to maintain a moderate production capacity growth rate in the future. As of 2022, the growth rate of production capacity has reached the level of 3%, and the global production capacity has reached the level of 145 million tons. From the data of production capacity growth rate, it can be seen that 2016-2018 was a peak period of production capacity, and then the growth rate reached a new high from 2020 to 2022, indicating that we are currently in a new production capacity cycle. In 2023, the global new polyethylene production capacity was 5.03 million tons, and in 2024, the global new polyethylene production capacity was 5.41 million tons. Most of the facilities were put into operation in the fourth quarter, and the actual production capacity increased by about 3.6%, gradually slowing down.The three major production capacity regions for polyethylene in the world are Northeast Asia, with a production capacity proportion of 29%, followed by North America, which accounts for 22%, and finally the Middle East, which accounts for 18%. As the main force in Northeast Asia, China contributes over a quarter of the global polyolefin production capacity.From China's perspective, polyethylene production capacity has maintained rapid expansion in recent years. Since 2020, domestic polyethylene has entered a period of concentrated expansion in large-scale refining. From 2020 to 2022, the annual growth rate of domestic polyethylene production capacity has been above 15%, and polyethylene has entered a new stage of diversified development in oil, coal, and light hydrocarbons. Since 2022, crude oil has been operating at high levels and costs have remained high. However, under high supply, the polyethylene market has shown a weak overall trend, squeezing enterprise profits. Oil production enterprises are facing enormous pressure, and outdated production capacity is facing the risk of elimination. The pace of new polyethylene production in China has slowed down in 2023. As of the previous year, the new production capacity was 2.6 million tons, and the domestic polyethylene production capacity reached 32.41 million tons. It is estimated that the production capacity will increase by 7.78 million tons in 2024, with a growth rate of 24%. The total domestic production capacity is expected to reach 40.19 million tons. Centralized production may lead to excessive market supply pressure, and some devices may still have delayed production. The actual production in 2024 is likely to be lower than the original plan, but still higher than the level in 2023, and the production capacity will be accelerated.Statistics of New Polyethylene Plants in China in 2024三、 Demand: The demand side is expected to accelerate the repair process, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene drives industrial demandThe growth rate of polyethylene demand has declined, and it is expected to accelerate the repair process in the future. The demand for polyethylene in China grew rapidly in 10 years, but the apparent consumption of polyethylene in 2021 was 3736.48, down 2.4% year on year, and the growth rate dropped significantly. The main reasons are as follows: First, the COVID-19 in 2020 prompted a significant increase in the demand for packaging of epidemic prevention materials, which led to a significant increase in the demand for polyethylene as a whole. With the launch and vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine, the demand for epidemic prevention material packaging will fall back in 2021. Secondly, influenced by the goals of "carbon neutrality" and "carbon peak" as well as the dual control policy on energy consumption, some downstream enterprises of polyethylene have experienced production restrictions and reductions, which has to some extent dragged down the growth of polyethylene demand. Thirdly, the policy of restricting the use of disposable plastics in 2021 has also affected the demand for the packaging industry, especially HDPE. In addition, the year-on-year growth rate of polyethylene demand in China in 2020 reached 12.6%, which to some extent affected the growth space in 2021. The combination of various factors has led to a significant decline in the growth rate of polyethylene demand in 2021. However, there are still bright spots in the demand for polyethylene. With the further promotion of the rapid development of online shopping and takeout, the demand for online shopping packaging and takeout lunch boxes has significantly increased, and the demand will gradually recover in 2022.2023 is a stage of weak macroeconomic pressure. According to data, in 2023, the national real estate development investment was 11091.3 billion yuan, a decrease of 9.6% compared to the previous year; Among them, residential investment was 8382 billion yuan, a decrease of 9.3%; In 2023, the cumulative year-on-year decrease in China's export value was 4.6%; The monthly year-on-year increase in China's CPI in 2023 is below the annual expected target of around 3%, while the PPI is in a negative range throughout the year. All economic data points towards weak recovery, and both domestic and foreign demand have declined. Against the backdrop of the Central Politburo meeting on December 8th emphasizing "promoting stability through progress, establishing first and then breaking through", the domestic economy is expected to remain "stability oriented" in 2024, and the market predicts that the GDP growth rate target for 2024 will be around 5%. If the US economy experiences a soft landing in the second half of next year and begins the process of interest rate cuts, the recovery between China and the US will resonate, and the demand side is expected to accelerate the repair process. The demand for polyethylene is expected to grow along with the macro repair process.Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene is a high-performance engineering plastic with a wide range of downstream applications. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene is an engineering plastic with a linear structure and excellent comprehensive properties. UHMWPE molecular chains are very long, arranged in the same direction and intertwined with each other. By strengthening the interaction between molecules, longer molecular chains can more effectively transfer loads to the main chain, so UHMWPE has a high specific modulus and strength. UHMWPE ranks first in terms of wear resistance among plastics, and is several times more wear-resistant than carbon steel and brass. Its wear resistance is more than tens of times that of ordinary polyethylene, and its wear resistance will further improve with the increase of molecular weight. The friction coefficient is also smaller than other engineering plastics and can be comparable to polytetrafluoroethylene, making it an ideal lubricating material. Due to its excellent wear resistance and lubrication performance, UHMWPE has been widely used in artificial joints.At present, fibers are the largest consumer area of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. According to data statistics, the total consumption of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene in China in 2023 was about 432200 tons, a year-on-year increase of 54.36%, mainly from fiber and battery separator products. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is the largest downstream application field in 2023, accounting for 35%; Battery separators, plates, and industrial pipes account for 31%, 15%, and 11%, respectively. In the same year, the shipment volume of battery separators in China increased by over 110% year-on-year, and it is expected that energy storage batteries and power batteries will continue to maintain a rapid growth trend in the next five years, further promoting battery separators to become the most important growth area for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.The complete set of production equipment for Jinzong resin is composed of a reaction kettle and selected auxiliary equipment according to process requirements. Our company has accumulated 20 years of experience in resin equipment production and has strong production and design capabilities. We can provide users with alkyd resin, polyester resin, and unsaturated polyester resin. Epoxy resin. Engineering design, equipment selection guidance, equipment processing, equipment installation and other turnkey projects for acrylic resin, (PU) amino resin, polyethylene, curing agent, hot melt adhesive, adhesive, silicone oil, gloss oil, etc. Relying on the Internet of Things system, real-time monitoring of the operation of each device, daily report formation, factory operation status, clear at a glance, achieving factory intelligence and digitization.

Magnetic reaction kettle is a typical innovation in the application of magnetic drive devices in reaction equipment. It fundamentally solves the problem of shaft seal leakage that was previously insurmountable by packing seals and mechanical seals. This device has no leakage or pollution, and is currently the most ideal device for chemical reactions under high temperature and high pressure in China, especially for chemical reactions in flammable, explosive, and toxic media, demonstrating its superiority. While using it, we cannot ignore the safety issues it brings. Next,Jinzong Enterprise will introduce you to the relevant knowledge of safe use of magnetic reaction vessels.1、 Precautions before useSealing PerformanceMagnetic reaction kettle belongs to precision equipment, which adopts a conical contact sealing form through sealing rings, and achieves the purpose of sealing by tightening the main bolts to press them against each other. Therefore, special care must be taken for the sealing cone surface to avoid damage caused by various collisions. When installing the cover, first place the reactor body and then carefully place the cover in a fixed position on the body. When tightening the main bolts, they must be tightened diagonally and symmetrically in multiple steps, with even force. The cover is not allowed to tilt to one side to achieve good sealing effect, and the specified tightening torque should not be exceeded to prevent the sealing surface from being squeezed or accelerated wear. All threaded connectors need to be coated with oil or oil mixed with graphite during assembly. If the sealing surface is damaged, it needs to be reprocessed and repaired to restore good sealing performance.Sealing OperationThe inlet and exhaust valves are sealed with needle valves. When closed, simply gently rotate the valve needle to press the sealing surface tightly to achieve good sealing. Excessive force is prohibited to avoid damaging the sealing surface.Heating and Pressurization TestBefore using the magnetic reaction kettle, a heating and pressure sealing test should be conducted. The test medium can be air or nitrogen, but it is best to use inert gas. The use of oxygen or other flammable and explosive gases is strictly prohibited. Heating and pressure boosting must be carried out slowly. The heating rate shall not exceed 80 degrees per hour. During pressure testing, connect the inlet valve of the magnetic reaction kettle to the compressor (or high-pressure pump) using a connecting pipe. The pressure increase must be carried out in stages, with a spacing of 20% of the working pressure. Each level should be stopped for 5 minutes, and when the test pressure is raised, it should be stopped for 30 minutes to check the sealing condition. The test pressure is 100%-105% of the working pressure. If a leak is found, the pressure should be reduced first, and then the nuts and joints should be tightened appropriately. It is strictly prohibited to tighten the nuts and joints under high pressure.Cooling ProcessDuring the reaction process, rapid cooling and rapid heating are prohibited to prevent excessive temperature stress from causing cracks in the reactor body. After the reaction is completed, cooling and cooling should be carried out first. Water cooling (exothermic reaction) or air cooling can be used, and then high-pressure gas in the kettle can be released to reduce the pressure to atmospheric pressure. Then, the bolts should be symmetrically and evenly loosened and removed. During the opening process, special attention should be paid to protecting the sealing surface, and the kettle cover should be lifted evenly to avoid damage caused by collision between the sealing ring of the kettle cover and the kettle body.Subsequent ProcessingAfter each operation, the residue on the kettle body and lid should be removed. All sealing surfaces on the magnetic reaction kettle should be cleaned regularly and kept dry. It is not allowed to clean with hard objects or soft objects with rough surfaces.2、 Safe Usage RegulationsPreparation Before UseBefore feeding, the reaction kettle should be checked for contamination. The inner walls, stirring, cooling coils, temperature probe sleeves, and joint surfaces of the magnetic reaction kettle should be cleaned with ethanol, and then rinsed with distilled water. After rinsing, cotton or silk cloth dipped in ethanol should be wiped clean to prevent cross contamination of materials. Before use, it is necessary to check whether all valves are unobstructed, especially the pressure gauge and explosion-proof membrane pipe openings. For the intake duct, special attention should also be paid to whether there is any blockage. If there is material contamination or blockage, the duct and intake branch should be removed from the kettle cover, cleaned, and then installed.Sealing InspectionAfter cleaning is completed and the kettle body is dry, a sealing inspection should be conducted first. Place the kettle body into the heating furnace, align the protruding part with the groove, and gently rotate the kettle body. After stabilizing, slowly and steadily close the kettle body and kettle cover. Special attention should be paid to protecting the sealing surface to avoid damage caused by collision between the kettle cover and the sealing ring of the kettle body. After covering, check whether the upper and lower interfaces of the reaction kettle are aligned. Gently rotate the kettle cover to confirm that it is flat and the sealing ring is in good contact. After adding a gasket, start screwing in.Precautions For Screw InstallationWhen installing screws, be sure to seat them in the correct position. Tighten them by hand first, and then use a torque wrench to symmetrically place them in a cross shape to avoid uneven force distribution. Do not twist the screws into place at once. Tighten the diagonal screws multiple times and gradually apply force to tighten symmetrically.Air Tightness InspectionWhen checking the airtightness, it is necessary to first check whether each valve (solid feeding port, kettle cover exhaust valve, intake valve, etc.) is tightened (just hold on, do not use too much force). After adjusting the mixing switch and speed control heating switch of the controller to zero, turn on the power supply and display switch of the control box.Pressure Testing Operation一、Connecting Nitrogen GasConnect the nitrogen cylinder to the inlet of the magnetic reaction kettle through a conduit and tighten the relevant screws. Open the main valve and partial pressure valve of the nitrogen cylinder, first adjust the pressure of the partial pressure valve to the required pressure for the experiment, then open the inlet valve of the reactor to slowly charge the gas into the reactor. When the pressure value displayed on the reactor is the same as the set pressure on the nitrogen cylinder and no longer changes, sequentially close the inlet valve of the reactor and the outlet valve of the nitrogen cylinder, record the pressure value displayed on the reactor, and observe whether there is any change in pressure after half an hour.二、Check For Air Leakage PointsIf a significant downward trend is observed in pressure, the leak point should be checked. Use soapy water to identify potential leaks in the magnetic reaction kettle. The key inspection area is the interface between the magnetic reaction kettle cover and the inlet pipe, outlet pipe, and pressure gauge; The needle valve interface at the inlet and outlet, the sealing ring between the kettle body and kettle cover, and the thermometer probe socket. If air leakage is found, the pressure should be released first, and the corresponding leakage point should be tightened before pressurizing and testing for leakage. After checking for no leakage issues, release the pressure and clean the soap water with deionized water.三、Turn Off Nitrogen GasEnsure that the pressure inside the kettle is completely released, close the main valve and pressure divider valve of the nitrogen steel cylinder, and release the residual pressure in the pipeline. Use a torque wrench to loosen the main nut in a symmetrical cross shape, slowly and steadily separating the kettle body from the kettle cover. Special attention should be paid to protecting the sealing surface to avoid damage caused by collision between the kettle cover and the sealing ring of the kettle body.Feeding OperationAfter the pressure test is completed, the feeding operation can be carried out. Add reaction materials and solvents to a clean and dry magnetic reaction kettle, and seal the kettle body and lid according to the above operation.Inspection WorkCheck if all valves (solid feeding port, kettle cover exhaust valve, intake valve, etc.) are tightened (just hold on, do not apply too much force), adjust the mixing switch and speed control heating switch of the controller to zero, ensure that the thermocouple has been inserted into the kettle cover and can display temperature changes normally, and then turn on the power supply and display switch of the control box. After turning on the cooling water connected to the mixing shaft, turn on the mixing switch and control the mixing speed through the speed controller to start mixing.Adjusting Nitrogen GasConnect the nitrogen cylinder to the inlet of the magnetic reaction kettle through a conduit and tighten the relevant screws. Open the main valve and pressure divider valve of the nitrogen cylinder, first adjust the pressure of the pressure divider valve to about 1MPa, then open the inlet valve of the reaction vessel to slowly charge the gas into the reaction vessel. When the pressure value displayed on the reaction vessel is the same as the set pressure on the nitrogen cylinder and no longer changes, close the inlet valve of the reaction vessel. After stirring for about 3-5 minutes, open the exhaust valve to vent. After the vent is complete, close the exhaust valve. Repeat the inflation and deflation process 3-5 times to ensure there is no residual pressure in the kettle, then close the exhaust valve.Introducing Hydrogen Gas1、Pipeline ConnectionClose the main valve and partial pressure valve of the nitrogen cylinder, and empty the residual pressure in the pipeline. Disconnect the connection between the magnetic reactor and the nitrogen cylinder, connect the magnetic reactor and the hydrogen cylinder through the pipeline, and tighten the relevant screws.2、Hydrogen Pressure RegulationOpen the main valve and pressure divider valve of the hydrogen cylinder, first adjust the pressure of the pressure divider valve to about 0.5-1MPa, then open the inlet valve of the reactor to slowly charge the gas into the reactor. When the pressure value displayed on the reactor is the same as the set pressure on the hydrogen cylinder and no longer changes, close the inlet valve of the reactor. Connect the exhaust valve outlet to the outside through a pipeline, stir for about 3-5 minutes, then open the exhaust valve to vent. After venting, close the exhaust valve. After repeated inflation and deflation for 3-5 times, adjust the hydrogen cylinder pressure divider valve, adjust the pressure to the pressure required for reaction, and then slowly charge the gas into the reactor until the pressure indicated by the pressure gauge is consistent with the pressure required for the experiment. Close the inlet valve, the hydrogen cylinder main valve and the pressure divider valve.3、Pre Heating InspectionCheck again with soapy water whether the air inlet and exhaust valve are leaking, and ensure that there is no hydrogen leakage before turning on the heating switch of the controller. Adjust the set reaction temperature step by step to prevent excessive heating temperature, and adjust the voltage to a reasonable range to ensure that the heating speed does not exceed 80oC/h. Run the heating program and start the reaction.4、Parameter Change ControlAfter the reaction begins, close attention should be paid to the changes in various parameters (pressure, temperature, speed) in the reaction, especially the changes in pressure. Once abnormalities are found, the heating switch should be immediately turned off and department leaders should be reported. If the temperature is too high, cooling water can be connected to the cooling coil for cooling treatment; If the pressure is too high, it can be cooled down or vented through the exhaust valve. When venting hydrogen, it must be discharged outdoors through pipelines!Sampling Control During ReactionDuring the reaction process, if sampling is required, the material can be discharged through the inlet for analysis, but it must be ensured that the reaction system is homogeneous and there will be no solid precipitation. If heterogeneous catalysts such as palladium carbon or Raney nickel are used in the reaction, the stirring should be stopped before sampling and allowed to stand for about 10 minutes before sampling. If multiple sampling and analysis are required, the first part released from the pipeline is the residue in the pipeline, which cannot reflect the actual reaction situation in the reactor. About 20 milliliters should be released first before sampling and analysis.Post Reaction OperationAfter the reaction is complete, turn off the heating, set the temperature to room temperature, naturally cool down or cool down by passing cooling water through the cooling coil. When cooling to below 40oC, open the exhaust valve of the reaction kettle, slowly release the pressure completely, and use a torque wrench to loosen the main nut in a symmetrical cross shape. Slowly and steadily separate the kettle body from the kettle cover, paying special attention to protecting the sealing surface to avoid damage caused by collision between the kettle cover and the sealing ring of the kettle body.Cleaning Of Reaction KettleTake out the kettle body, pour out the materials, and wash all the materials inside the kettle with solvent. Then, wash the kettle body, kettle cover, and sampling pipeline in sequence with ethanol and water, and wipe the sealing cone surface clean with a soft cloth or paper. Cleaning should be carried out immediately after discharge to avoid difficulties caused by solvent evaporation. After cleaning, place the kettle body and lid in a ventilated area to dry.3、 Other Precautions1. It is necessary to strictly follow the regulations when operating the reaction kettle, and it is not allowed to operate alone. During the experiment, two or more people are required.During the pressure vessel operation, turn on the ventilation fan to ensure good ventilation.When there is pressure inside the reactor, it is strictly prohibited to twist the nut or strike the magnetic reaction reactor.4. At the connection between the front and back nuts (intake pipe, exhaust pipe, and branch pipe connecting the pressure gauge to the kettle cover), only the nuts should be turned and the two sealing surfaces should not rotate relative to each other.5. Observe the reading on the pressure gauge at all times during operation, and it is strictly prohibited to use the kettle in case of overheating and overpressure.If there is any air leakage during the experiment, immediately stop heating and the experiment. It is strictly prohibited to twist the nut at high temperatures.7. Do not leave during the experiment.8. The reaction kettle is not resistant to strong acids, and strong acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid are prohibited in the reaction solution.9. Prior to use, the consent of the person in charge must be obtained. Anyone using the kettle must first carefully read the instructions.

The activated carbon dosing system is a fully automatic complete set of dosing equipment that prepares powder and water in a certain proportion and adds them to water.The main workflow is closed silo storage, feeder feeding, screw conveyor conveying, stainless steel dissolution tank dissolution preparation, screw pump feeding to the feeding point to achieve the purpose of water quality treatment.The conveying module mainly consists of equipment such as feeders, screw conveyors, pneumatic butterfly valves, etc. Function: Feed and Transport to the Dissolution Tank.The configuration module integrates equipment such as dissolution tanks, centrifugal pumps, mixers, dust collectors, and pressure transmitters.The Jinzong Activated Carbon Dosing System mainly includes the following parts:1. Feeding systemThe main function of the feeding system is to transfer activated carbon from the warehouse or material tank truck to the material bin in the system for storage.There are generally two types based on the situation: bag loading system and material tank truck loading system;2. Material storage systemThe material storage system is used to store powder materials. The ability to continuously feed during the powder feeding process and the excellent physical properties of the powder are required;Need to consider issues such as drying, dust removal, arch breaking, and safety during powder storage process;3. Powder conveying systemThe powder conveying is carried out by a quantitative spiral to transport the activated carbon powder from the silo to the dissolution system.The selection of the entire system needs to be based on the design and construction process, selecting the appropriate conveyor and matching conveyor.In addition, it is also necessary to consider the blockage problem that may occur during the conveying process of the powder. How to prevent blockage and whether it is necessary to adjust the dosage of powder activated carbon by adjusting the frequency conversion motor. It is recommended to use a shaft less screw conveyor;4. Dissolution systemAfter calculation, a certain amount of water and powder activated carbon added through the conveying system are stirred and mixed in a specific container to form the required concentration of activated carbon powder, usually 5% -10%.The dissolution system is divided into three chamber and two chamber types;5. Liquid dosing systemAdd the prepared solution to the dosing point through the power system and piping system.The power system generally adopts screw pumps, metering pumps, etc., and the pipeline system includes pipelines and various valve flow meters;6. Control systemThe automation control used for the entire system is divided into semi-automatic control and fully automatic control.The control cabinet adopts external PLC, frequency converter and accessories to improve user experience and operational reliability.