Science popularization: What are the heating technologies for reactors?

The heating mechanism of the reactor encompasses a variety of technical approaches to accommodate different process conditions and temperature control needs. Here, we will introduce several common heating methods, each with its unique advantages and applicable scenarios:

　　1. Water Heating

　　When the reaction temperature requirements are mild and there are no demands on the heating rate, water heating is an economical choice. It is particularly suitable for those specific working conditions that need to undergo heating and cooling cycles and eventually return to room temperature The specific operation is to use hot water for preliminary heating until the set temperature is reached, and then discharge the hot water and introduce cold water for cooling, achieving flexible temperature regulation.

　　2. Steam Heating

　　Steam heating is another widely used heating method, applicable to different temperature range requirements based on the type of steam:

Atmospheric steam is suitable for reaction conditions not exceeding 100℃.

　　Saturated steam is suitable for heating needs between 100~18℃.

　　Superheated steam can meet the requirements of high temperatures above 180℃. However, implementing steam heating requires the configuration of corresponding steam boiler facilities ensure a continuous and stable steam supply.

3. Thermal oil heating

The technology of thermal oil heating can be divided into two main modes:

The thermal oil circulation system, requires the configuration of a thermal oil furnace to transfer heat to the reactor through external circulation.

Thermal oil heating with a jacket, that is, filling the reactor with oil in the jacket and embedding electric heating rods to directly heat the oil body, and then heat the material in the kettle through heat conduction. This method can provide stable and efficient transfer.

4. Electric Heating

Electric heating methods, particularly heating rods or heating belts, are favored for their convenience and controllability. However, the limit for such heating elements is approximately 250℃ (around 200℃ for silicone rubber heating belts under no-load conditions), which restricts electric heating more suitable for intermediate and low-temperature reaction processes. Its main components include the electric heating material and the insulation layer, ensuring high efficiency and safety.

5. Far infrared heating

Far infrared heating technology directly acts on the surface of materials by using far infrared radiation, converting it into internal energy through the resonance absorption of molecules and atoms, thus achieving rapid and uniform heating of materials. This non-contact heating method not only has a high heating efficiency but also effectively reduces heat loss, which is particularly suitable for scenarios with special requirements for surface heating of materials.

In summary, the selection of heating methods for reaction kettles needs to be comprehensively evaluated based on reaction conditions, cost budget, safety considerations, and energy efficiency. Each heating technology has its unique advantages, and the correct choice can greatly improve production efficiency and product quality.