Safety is no small matter; detailed explanation of the safety technology design of the constant pressure reactor

The normal pressure reactor is a common type of equipment in chemical production, mainly used for chemical reactions between liquid and solid, liquid and gas, or between under normal pressure conditions. Due to the possibility of involving high temperature, high pressure, flammable, explosive, toxic and other hazardous substances in its operation process, it is crucial ensure the safe operation of the normal pressure reactor. With more than 20 years of experience in the production, research and development of reactors, Jinchong Enterprise will introduce in the key points of safety technology design for normal pressure reactors to ensure production safety and personnel health.

1. Material selection and strength design

　　Material selection: The material of the reactor should be selected based on the characteristics of the medium (such as corrosiveness, temperature, pressure). Common materials include stainless steel, carbon steel, enamel, fiberglass, etc. For highly corrosive media, materials strong corrosion resistance should be selected; for high-temperature environments, the thermal stability of the material needs to be considered.

　　Strength calculation: Precise mechanical calculations should performed based on the working pressure, temperature, and internal and external loads that the reactor is subjected to, to ensure that the shell has sufficient strength and rigidity, and to preventupture due to overpressure or mechanical damage.

　　2. Temperature control and heating/cooling system

　　Temperature control: Accurate temperature control is key ensuring the reaction proceeds smoothly. Atmospheric pressure reactors are usually equipped with electric heating jackets, steam heating, or external circulation heating/cooling systems, which automatically regulate through temperature controller to prevent accidents caused by local overheating or large temperature differences.

　　3. Mixing system design

　　The mixing system not only affects the efficiency of reaction but is also an important part of safety design. It is necessary to select the appropriate type of agitator (such as paddle, turbine, anchor, etc.) based the properties of the reactants, and ensure that the stirring shaft is sealed reliably to prevent material leakage. At the same time, an overload protection device should be set up to avoid to the equipment due to excessive stirring load.

4. Safety Accessories Configuration

Pressure relief device: Although the atmospheric pressure reactor is designed for atmospheric pressure operation, it is still necessary to install a safety valve or burst disc to prevent abnormal pressure rise.

Emergency cut-off system: Integrate the emergency stop button into the control system, which can quickly cut off the power and material supply once an abnormality occurs.

Viewing window and lighting: To facilitate the operator to observe the reaction in the kettle and detect abnormalities in time.

Exhaust and ventilation: Set up a good exhaust system to keep the workshop ventilated and reduce the accumulation of harmful gases.

5. Fire and Explosion Prevention Measures

Static electricity grounding: Ensure that the reactor and all metal components such as pipes and valves are well grounded to prevent static electricity accumulation from causing sparks.

Explosion-proof electrical equipment: Use explosion-proof electrical equipment that meets the explosion-proof grade in the explosion hazardous area to reduce ignition sources.

Inert gas protection: For flammable reaction systems, inert gases such as nitrogen can be used for coverage to reduce the risk of explosion.

6. Operating Procedures and Training

Develop detailed operating procedures, including equipment operation, maintenance, and emergency handling, and conduct regular training for operators to ensure they are familiar with the equipment performance and safe operation knowledge.

In summary, the safety technology design of the atmospheric pressure reactor is a comprehensive process, which needs to be considered from multiple aspects such as equipment material selection, structural design, control system, safety accessories configuration, etc., while strengthening the safety awareness and skills training of operators, in order to effectively prevent accidents and ensure production safety.